例1:本合同自買方和建造方簽署之日生效。This Contract shall come into force from the date of execution hereof by the Buyerand the Builder.
例2:下述簽署人同意在中國制造新産品,其品牌以此爲合適。The undersigned hereby agrees that the new products whereto this trade name is more appropriate are made in China.
二、謹慎選用極易混淆的詞語
abide by 與 comply with 都有“遵守”的意思.但是當主語是“人”時,英譯“遵守”須用 abide by。當主語是非人稱時,則用 comply with 英譯“遵守”。
例 3:雙方都應遵守/雙方的一切活動都應遵守合同規定。
Both parties Shall abide by/All the activities of both parties shall comply with the contractual stipulations.
2.3 change A to B 與 change A into B
英譯“把 A 改爲 B”用“change A to B”,英譯“把 A 折合成/兌換成 B”用“change A into B”,兩者不可混淆。
例 4:交貨期改爲 8 月並將美元折合成人民幣。
Both parties agree that change the time of shipment to August and change US dollar into Renminbi.
2.4 ex 與 per
源自拉丁語的介詞 ex 與 per 有各自不同的含義。英譯由某輪船“運來”的貨物時用 ex,由某輪船“運走”的貨物用 Per,而由某輪船“承運”用 by。
例 5:由“維多利亞”輪運走/運來/承運的最後一批貨將于 10 月 1 日抵達倫敦。
The last batch per/ex/by S.S. "Victoria" will arrive at London on October (S.S. = Steamship)
2.5 in 與 after
當英譯“多少天之後”的時間時,往往是指“多少天之後”的確切的一天,所以必須用介詞 in,而不能用 after,因爲介詞 after 指的是“多少天之後”的不確切的任何一天。
例 6:該貨于 11 月 10 日由“東風”輪運出,41 天後抵達鹿特丹港。
The good shall be shipped per M.V. "Dong Feng" on November 10 and are due to arrive at Rottedaml in 140 days. (M.V.= motor vessel)
2.6 on/upon 與 after
當英譯“……到後,就……”時,用介詞 on/upon,而不用 after,因爲 after 表示“之後”的時間不明確。
例 7:發票貨值須貨到付給。
The invoice value is to be paid on/upon arrival of the goods.
例 8:賣方須在 6 月 15 日前將貨交給買方。
The vendor shall deliver the goods to the vendee by June 15.(or: before June 16,說明含 6 月 15 日在內。如果不含 6 月 15 日,就譯爲 by June 14 或者 before June 15。)
例9:如果上述貨物對船舶和(或)船上其它貨物造成任何損害,托運人應負全責The shipper shall be liable for all damage caused by such goods to the ship and/or cargo on board.
3.1.2 by and between
常用by and between強調合同是由“雙方”簽訂的,因此雙方必須嚴格履行合同所賦于的責任。
例10:買賣雙方同意按下述條款購買出售下列商品並簽訂本合同。This Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller, whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the under mentioned commodity subject to the terms and conditions stipulated below.